Published in Scientific Papers. Series B, Horticulture, Volume LXII
Written by Ionela RUSEA, Aurel POPESCU, Valentina ISAC, Anca Nicoleta ȘUȚAN, Dorel HOZA
Due to outstanding nutritional and health benefits, and also to its ornamental value, black chokeberry was gaining recently high interest from the small fruit growers in Europe. Together with vegetative propagation, in vitro micropropagation from meristems and adventitious shoots offers suitable methods for the rapid clonal propagation of new or improved cultivars, to provide sufficient quantities of planting material to the growers and to accelerate the establishment of large black chokeberry plantings. In this respect, different concentrations of N6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and indole butyric acid (IBA) in Murashige and Skoog (MS) and LeeFossard (LF) basic culture media, respectively, were assessed for their effects on adventitious shoot regeneration of the black chokeberry cultivar 'Nero'. The ability of callus formation and shoot regeneration from petiole segments was assessed using various combinations of BAP (2.5; 5.0; 10 mg L–1 ), 2,4-D (0.25; 0.5; 1.0 mg L–1 ), and IBA (0.25; 0.5; 1.0 mg L–1 ). Data on callus formation and shoot regeneration were recorded after 60 days of culture. The highest percentage of black chokeberry petiole explants forming callus (100%) was found in treatments containing a combination of 2.5 mg L–1 of BAP, 0.25 mg L–1 of 2,4-D, and 0.25 mg L–1 of IBA in MS medium. The only growth regulators combination which resulted in 100% petiole explants forming callus on both MS and LF media was 5 mg L–1 of BAP, 0.5 mg L–1 of 2,4-D, and 0.5 mg L–1 of IBA. Adventitious shoot regeneration from petiole-derived callus was high in treatments with 10 mg L–1 and 1.0 mg L–1 IBA, on both MS and LF basic media. Excepting the cytokinin-auxin combination of 2.5 mg L–1 of BAP, 0.25 mg L–1 of 2,4-D and 0.25 mg L–1 of IBA, shoot regeneration from petioles of 'Nero' cv. was better on MS medium. However, the best adventitious regeneration and the highest number of shoots formed per explant ocurred by direct organogenesis. Thus, an average number of 4.3 shoots per petiole explant was achieved through direct organogenesis on MS medium supplemented with BAP at 5 mg L–1 , 0.5 mg L–1 of 2,4-D, and 0.5 mg L–1 of IBA.
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