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Influence of position within the terraces platform on some chemical components in case of three soil types in a high density apple orchard

Published in Scientific Papers. Series B. Horticulture, Vol. LVI
Written by Mihail IANCU, Adrian TEBEICĂ

Preparation of sloped terrain to establish fruit trees plantations on terraces built upon the classical method „Debleu­rembleu” determine an uneven disposition of the soil properties on the platforms, with negative consequences on fruit trees behaviour. In order to limit these inconvenients, at RIFG Pitesti Romania, in the year 1983 was experimented a new method for terraces building, including a more uniform way of vegetal floor disposition on the terraces platforms. The terraces were 25 m wide and the transversal declination of the platform between 9.4 - 12.3%. On each platform of the five terraces, seven rows of apple trees were planted at 3.6 m between the rows. The following bifactorial experimental scheme was set up: A factor = the soil type, with the graduations: a1 = eutricambosoil with coluvic character; a2 = slightly eroded eutricambosoil; a3= typical eutricambosoil; B factor = the position on the terraces platform, with the graduations: b1 = downstream platform, located on the interval between the tree rows 1 and 2; b2 = middle platform located on the interval between the rows 2 and 3; b3 = middle platform located on the interval between the rows 3 and 5; b4 = upstream platform, located on the interval between the rows, 6 and 7. During 2011, 27 years after the fruit trees establishment, inside of each experimental treatment, in four replications and three soil depths, the humus content, mobile phosphorus, mobile potassium and pH values were analysed. In average, on the three soil types and three soil depths investigated, the values of the chemical components registered on downstream positions compared with the upstream ones were higher in the case of mobile phosphorus (64%), mobile potassium (25%), humus content (21%), but 4.4% lower in the case of the pH values. The differences registered between the two positions inside the terraces platform are much lower than the ones presented in the literature, due to the different methods used in the two situations for terraces building.

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