Published in Scientific Papers. Series B, Horticulture, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 2
Written by Ioana Adelina STAN, Mădălina BUTAC, Dorel HOZA
In Romania, after 1970, identification, conservation and evaluation of fruit genetic resources activities were started in order to limit the loss of the biodiversity due to erosion and genetic vulnerability. Regarding the sour cherry germplasm, there is a rich fund, located in Research Institute for Fruit Growing Pitești, Romania with 170 accessions, representing wild species, local population, cultivars and selections. In the breeding work de main objectives are: self fertility, productivity, tolerance / resistance to diseases, fruit quality for fresh market, ripening season extension. Taking into account these objectives, over time were used different genitors from genetic resources fund: 'Timpurii de Cluj', 'Timpurii de Pitești', 'Țarina', 'Bucovina', 'Scuturător', 'Amada', 'Stelar', 'Dropia', 'Ilva' for resistance/tolerance to Monilia and anthracnose, 'Pitic', 'Bucovina', 'Vrâncean', 'De Botoșani', 'Rival', 'Amada' for late blooming, 'Timpurii de Cluj', 'Crișana 2', 'Sătmărean', De Botoșani', 'Rival', 'Amada', 'Stelar' for fruit quality, 'Rival, 'Țarina', 'Stelar' for productivity, Ilva', 'Nana', ' Vrâncean', 'Bucovina', 'Sătmărean', 'Pitic' for self fertility. Using a different methods (selection, crossing, open pollination) 19 cultivars were registered with a very good agrobiological characteristics, many of them are propagated and spread in the Romanian orchards ('Timpurii de Pitești', 'Țarina', 'Ilva', 'Pitic', 'Bucovina', 'Vrâncean', 'De Botoșani', 'Rival').
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