Published in Scientific Papers. Series B, Horticulture, Vol. LXVIV, Issue 1
Written by Eugenia GHERGHINA (MAREŞI), Mădălina MILITARU, Mădălina BUTAC, Dorel HOZA
Climate change has impact on the phenology of fruit trees brings changes on the quality and productivity of the fruits, on the resistance/tolerance to frost, diseases and pests and implications on the zoning of the fruit tree species. The study was carried out in pear collection from ICDP Pitesti - Maracineni on seven Romanian pear varieties ('Argessis’, 'Carpica’, 'Monica’, 'Ervina’, 'Paramis’, 'Paradox’, 'Isadora’) compared with 'Packham’s Triumph’ cv., between 2014-2024 periods. It has been studied for 11 years the phenophases of flowering in relation with climatic factors (temperature, and precipitation). Thus, from the multiannual observations it was found that all the flowering phenophases of pear were realized earlier, with about 9 days (for beginning of flowering) and 10 days (for end of flowering). Climate accidents were also recorded in 2017 (late spring frosts, -4.2°C on April, 21-22th ), 2020 (late spring frost, -6.2°C …-7.1°C on March, 16-17th and on April, 1-7th), 2022 (late spring frosts -1.8...5.5°C on April, 18-21th), in 2023 (low temperatures -4°C... -6.4°C on March, 29-30th), and 2024 (high temperature, +27°C, April, 1st). All these climatic accidents had visible negative effects on fruit production (e.g.: low temperatures from April, 2017 led to the loss of yield in a proportion of 95 % on 'Monica’ cv.).
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