Published in Scientific Papers. Series B, Horticulture, Vol. LXVIV, Issue 1
Written by Mariana NICULESCU, Paula IANCU
According to Flora Europaea, Cirsium candelabrum Griseb. (Asteraceae) includes the territory of the Balkans (Balkan endemic): Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Albania, Serbia, Kosovo, Macedonia, Greece, Bulgaria and southwest Romania. Cirsium candelabrum occurs in ruderal habitats along roads, especially when natural vegetation has been removed by road construction or reconstruction. The species is found in intensely sunny and extremely dry areas, newly filled warehouses with construction waste, most often in urban and suburban areas. It is an anthropogenic species with tendencies to spread in natural habitats and agro-ecosystems. From a phytosociological point of view, two plant communities built by this species have been described in Europe: Picrido hieracioidis-Cirsietum candelabri Jasprica, Milović & Pandža 2015 (Croatia) and Cirsietum candelabri Matvejeva ex Čarni, Kostadinovski & Matevski 2001 (North Macedonia and Bosnia) and Herzegovina. In Romania, the species is found sporadically, especially on skeletal, sandy or stony soils, in Hunedoara, Caras-Severin, Mehedinți, Gorj and Vâlcea. From an ecological and phytosociological point of view, the species shows a relatively high variability corroborated with the current eco-pedo-climatic conditions.
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