Published in Scientific Papers. Series B, Horticulture, Vol. LXVIV, Issue 2
Written by Constantin-Ciprian BÎRSAN, Marilena ONETE, Sorin ȘTEFĂNUȚ, Roxana-Georgiana NICOARĂ, Tiberiu SAHLEAN, Attila MÁTIS, Anna SZABÓ, Simona MIHĂILESCU
Liparis loeselii is a rare and highly threatened orchid species in Europe. With a European conservation status of Near Threatened (IUCN), this species is strictly protected under many EU and national regulations. It is present in 475 Natura 2000 sites across Europe, with only 10 sites from Romania. In Romania, L. loeselii is classified as Critically Endangered (CR), marking the southeastern limit of its distribution range. We monitored the species in the context of Article 17 of the Habitats Directive for EU specific reporting of Romania. The species inhabits hygrophilous, eutrophic fens characterized by calcium-rich, neutral to alkaline pH conditions, cold water, and black soil with a humus-turf layer overlaying a silt horizon. These habitats are increasingly threatened by drainage and fragmentation, leading to significant population declines. Historical records indicate that many populations previously cited in literature have not been confirmed in recent surveys, suggesting a critical need for updated assessments and conservation measures. This study underscores the urgency of habitat protection and restoration to prevent further decline and ensure the survival of L. loeselii within its natural range.
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