Published in Scientific Papers. Series B, Horticulture, Volume LX
Written by Costel VÎNĂTORU, Bianca ZAMFIR, Camelia BRATU, Victor LĂCĂTUȘ, Luminița CÂRSTEA
Researchers for improving tomatoes at V.R.D.S.Buzau have been since its beginning, 1957. Here were obtained for the first time in Romania, the tomato hybrid seed under Bulgarian license, the 10 x Bizon famous hybrid. Over time the new valuable, with well-defined genetic constitution varieties were created which currently occupy significant surfaces in culture. Among these are: Buzau 22, Buzau 47, Buzau 1600. Studies undertaken by V.R.D.S.Buzau about the Romanian varieties of tomatoes have spotlighted that old varieties of tomatoes were patented as mixed, with destination for fresh consumption and industrialization. At the same time it was found that these varieties do not always meet the appropriate parameters for both destinations, so after the year 1990 researches were undertaken by the Improvement Laboratory in an intensive system, with the aim of obtaining creations strictly specialized, according to destination. The research started with the establishment of a solid germplasm database, followed then by its knowledge and use in the improvement process. The unit currently has a total of over 1000 genotypes from this species in various stages of improvement. The main objectives for improvement of which were obtained new creations were: productivity, quality of fruit in accordance with the requirements of the processors, the dry substance content, low acidity, pigmentation, the content of lycopene, sugar-acidity ratio, the jointless gene (breaking the fruit without peduncle), and genetic resistance to the main pathogens, concentrated fruit maturation suitable for mechanized harvesting. The researches were completed for a total of 5 new varieties patented and registered in the Official Catalogue of the Crop Plants from Romania. Among these, the varieties Darsirius and Daria present ovoid, plump fruits, Kristinica and Florina 44 R have round fruits, and Florina 44 T has also round fruits that show an easy mucrone, transmitted by the beck gene. Regarding the earliness, the first place is occupied by the variety Kristinica, its fruits reaching the physiological maturity at 90 days after planting and the tardiest is the Darsirius variety, with fruits that reach the complete maturity at 130 days after planting.
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