Published in Scientific Papers. Series B, Horticulture, Volume LXI
Written by Cristina MOALE, Adrian ASĂNICĂ
The pedo-climatic conditions in the South-Eastern part of Dobrogea are favourable to the culture of the apricot tree; this species that loves warm weather has always found good conditions for growing and yielding in the South-Eastern part of Romania, and especially in Dobrogea. In this period, 6 Romanian and foreign apricot tree cultivars were studied at RSFG Constanta: 'Harcot’, 'Auraş’, 'Goldrich’, 'Dacia’, 'Fortuna’ and 'Hungarian C.M.B’. Branch samples were harvested from these 6 cultivars with different ripening periods three days after the frost and they were analysed. This paper presents the manner in which certain apricot tree cultivars reacted to frost in the winter of 2012, 2013 and 2014, as well as the effect of the hail on July 11th, 2014 on the apricot production. The greatest losses caused by the frost were registered in the winter of 2012 as far as the fructiferous buds are concerned: 94% at 'Fortuna’, 83% at 'Auraş’, 82% at 'Goldrich’ and 'Dacia’, 77% at 'Harcot’ and 65% at 'Hungarian C.M.B.’. The losses caused by the hail on July 11th, 2014 affected the production of the 'Dacia’ cultivar by 40% and of the 'Hungarian C.M.B.’ by 30%. The climatic changes that have been registered throughout the past 10 years have negatively influenced the culture of the apricot tree and the effects have been classified according to the cultivar and its biology, as well as to the topographic placement of the allotments. The studies that have been carried out, together with the obtained results demonstrate the importance of choosing the cultivar assortment taking into account the favourability of the area, as well as the importance of installing anti-hail nets when setting up fruit-growing plantations.
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