Published in Scientific Papers. Series B, Horticulture, Vol. LXIII, Issue 1
Written by Amaila Maria IONESCU, Lenuța Constantina CHIRA, Constantin PĂUN, Ligia ION
The apple scab produced by the Ventura inaequalis pathogen is a serious disease affecting the leaves, flowers and fruits. In Romania, the disease is present every year in all fruit trees. The negative side effects of large-scale, sometimes abusive, use of pesticides in agriculture, and in particular environmental pollution and residual accumulation, as well as increasing practical difficulties in tackling combating problems through the emergence of disease-resistant breeds and pests, have led research to find new solutions to limit their use. In support of this idea, research into obtaining new varieties with genetic resistance to scab is a basic premise. For this, identifying new sources of scab resistance is a major concern for breeders. This paper proposes the evaluation of native varieties with natural genetic resistance to Venturia inaequalis by phenotypic techniques. For this purpose the monitoring of the growth peculiarities, the fruiting of some old resistant apple varieties: 'Călugăreşti’, 'Moţi’, 'Ouţe’, 'Mere Tari’, 'Tari de Ghindă’, as well as the phenotypical evaluation of these old varieties following artificial infections with Venturia inaequalis. The apple varieties taken in the study 'Călugăreşti’, 'Moţi’, 'Ouţe’, 'Mere Tari’, 'Tari de Ghindă’ were laid at 40C and after emergence and repaired the highest percentage of raised plants were observed at 'Tari de Ghindă’ variety with 47.5% followed by 'Călugăreşti’ variety, with 45.6%. The lowest percentage was recorded for the 'Moţi’ variety, by 22.5%. Following the artificial infections with Venturia inaequalis, the highest percentage of plants resistant to infection was recorded in the 'Călugăreşti’ variety with 88.0%.
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